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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS);faqs.230 Birnbaum, Steve, Guide to Disneyland Avon Books, updated yearly Birnbaum, Steve, Guide to Walt Disney World Avon Books, updated yearly ISBN: 0-380-71004-8 Labeled as the "official" Disney sanctioned guide Ritz, Stacy, Disney World and Beyond Ulysses Press ISBN 0-915233-37-1 Sehlinger, Bob, The Unofficial Guide to Disneyland Prentice Hall Press, updated yearly Sehlinger, Bob, The Unofficial Guide to Walt Disney World Prentice Hall Press, updated yearly ISBN 0-13-951047-8 Thorough, including sections on preparations for kids, evaluations of every ride, and clever strategies for waiting in line. A must get. Wiley, Kim Wright, Walt Disney World With Kids Prima Publishing ISBN 1-55958-140-9 Another good one for those going to WDW with children. Written by an experienced mom. Other facts: 1) A Disney lexicon 2) Technical errors in Disney animated feature films 3) List of Jungle Cruise jokes Available upon request (for the time being). 4) List of Hidden Mickeys The list from CompuServe is available upon request. 5) Misc trivia There are trivia quizzes available on the FLORIDA forum on CompuServe. If there is enough interest, I can try to make them available to the Internet. Xref: bloom-picayune.mit.edu rec.pets.dogs:24203 news.answers:4605 Path: bloom-picayune.mit.edu!enterpoop.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!usenet From: tittle@ics.uci.edu (Cindy Tittle Moore) Newsgroups: rec.pets.dogs,news.answers Subject: rec.pets.dogs: American Kennel Club Titles FAQ Supersedes: <dogs-faq/AKC-titles_721807216@athena.mit.edu> Followup-To: poster Date: 15 Dec 1992 18:59:37 GMT Organization: University of California at Irvine: ICS Dept. Lines: 879 Sender: tittle Approved: news-answers-request@mit.edu Expires: 28 Jan 1993 18:59:02 GMT Message-ID: <dogs-faq/AKC-titles_724445942@athena.mit.edu> References: <dogs-faq/introduction_724445942@athena.mit.edu> Reply-To: tittle@ics.uci.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: pit-manager.mit.edu X-Last-Updated: 1992/09/26 Archive-name: dogs-faq/AKC-titles Version: 2.3 Last-modified: 25 September 1992 This is one (of ten) of the FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) Lists for rec.pets.dogs. It is posted on a monthly basis: updates, additions, and corrections (including attributions) are always welcome: send email to one of the addresses below. The ten parts are all archived at pit-manager.mit.edu (18.172.1.27) in the directory /pub/usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq. The files are: introduction, new, health-care, medical-info, training, working, AKC-titles, misc1, misc2, and references. To obtain the files, first try ftp to pit-manager.mit.edu and look under that directory. If ftp does not work from your site, then try the mail server: send email to mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu with send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/introduction send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/new send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/health-care send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/medical-info send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/training send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/working send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/AKC-titles send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/misc1 send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/misc2 send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/references in the body of the message (leave the subject line empty). If you don't want all of them, include only the lines of the ones you want. You do have to repeat the path information for each file. Changes and additions indicated with |'s. Notes: I'm sure there are many other AKC titles... VII. American Kennel Club Titles A. Showing. B. Conformation. C. Obedience. D. Field and Hunting. E. Tracking. F. Herding. G. Championships. H. Other AKC Titles. I. AKC Breed Clubs. A. Showing. When people think of "showing," they are usually thinking of conformation showing. However, "showing" actually comprises showing your dog under any of three categories: conformation (meeting physical standards), field (meeting working standards), or obedience (meeting obedience standards). All AKC-recognized breeds are eligible to show under conformation and obedience. Field trials are reserved for those breeds bred for such work, and are tailored to the type of work bred for: e.g., hunting, retrieving, pointing, and tracking. There are herding trials (on a variety of stock) for herding breeds. To start showing requires an investment of time, money, and contacts. But it is a richly rewarding area, and there are hundreds of thousands of people throughout the world who enjoy competing with their dogs under Kennel Club auspices. This article details AKC titles, although many others exist, and may eventually be detailed in their own FAQ. For showing in the AKC, the only pre-requirement is that the dog be registered with the AKC (either litter registration or individual registration), and be at least 6 months old the day of the trial. Shots should be current for your own dog's health. If the showing is in conformation, the dog must also be sexually intact. If your dog is or appears to be (AKC-recognized) purebred but is unregistered, you can get an ILP (Indefinite Listing Privilege) number to do anything but conformation work. The procedure for getting an ILP is as follows: * Write to the AKC for a form. * Fill out the form -- it asks what the history of the dog is, where you got it, why you think it is pure-bred, etc. * Take two pictures of your dog -- one side shot standing, one front shot standing. * Have you dog neutered. This is required for all dogs that are applying for ILPs. Include the veterinarian's certificate of neutering in with the application. * Mail the form, pictures, and certificated of neutering along with your check. If your dog isn't purebred or is a breed not recognized by AKC, you can still get titles through breed-specific, rare-breed, or mixed-breed clubs like Mutt's of America or Mix-breeds of America (there are others). These clubs hold their own obedience trials (usually modeled after the AKC obedience trials). For example, AMBOR (American Mixed Breed Obedience Registry), at 205 First Street SW, New Prague, MN 56071, offers obedience and other titles to mixed breed and rare breed dogs. They do not have their own special matches. You can compete at any fun matches (where no corrections are allowed) or rare breed shows. 1. Naming and registration A dog's registered name must meet the following criteria (from "AKC Policies And Guidelines for Registration Matters") * Name length is limited to 25 characters, not including spaces, apostrophes and hyphens. * Letters in the name are restricted to the standard English alphabet; apostrophes, hyphens, and spaces are the only punctuation that appear in a dog's name. The certificate will be printed in all upper case. * Lifetime kennel names and registered name prefixes cannot be used without the consent of the owner of the name. * No arabic numbers, no Roman numerals at the end of the name. * A limit of 37 dogs in one breed may have the same name. * AKC reserves the right to append Roman numerals to the end of a name for identification purposes. * Spelled out cardinal and ordinal numbers may be used (e.g., First, One, Two, Third, etc). * The name may not contain "Champion," "Champ," "Sieger," or any other show term/AKC title, spelled or abbreviated. * Obscenities or derogatory words may not be used. * "Kennel," "dog," "male," "sire," "stud," "bitch," "dam," and "female" may not appear in the name. * The name may not consist of the breed name alone. * Names of living or recently dead persons may not be used. * An imported dog must be registered under the same name that it was registered in its country of birth. All names are subject to AKC approval. Names may not be changed (even if AKC mixes up the name -- there are dogs out there with typos in their names that they cannot correct). B. Conformation When showing a dog, either you or a professional hander must "show" the dog in the ring. Whether or not you choose to use a handler can depend on the breed of dog you are showing: it can be hard to break into popular breeds and a handler can help gain recognition; with a rare or less popular breed, the choice of handler is not as crucial. If you co-own a dog with the breeder, they may handle your dog for you. If you handle your own dogs, then like any "sport," as an amateur, you need to be trained, prepared, and ready to compete with the pros. Take the time to learn the ropes, how to present your dogs, and how to groom. Ideally, you should find a mentor to help you learn what you need to know. If you use a handler, you should always go with the handler however, just to make sure they are treating your dog right. Also, a lot of rule breaking occurs in the conformation ring. Mostly foreign materials (hair-spray, mousse, dyes) in the dogs' coats. This is not allowed by AKC rules, but many handlers and owners do it. A Champion must obtain 15 points. Of those 15 points, two majors (a show where 3, 4, or 5 points are won) must be obtained under two different judges. The remaining points can come from 1 or 2 (or more!) point shows; at least one of these must be from a third judge. A dog must win at least the Winners Dog (WD) or Winners Bitch (WB) to win points. Therefore, even if your dog wins a class, it doesn't necessarily get points. It's only the WD or WB within a breed in competition that is awarded points. You don't get anything for second place, but a ribbon, some recognition as an upcoming hopeful, and some experience. Reserve Winners (one for WD and one for WB) *may* get points if the winner of their sex is later disqualified. This can happen if the dog is improperly entered (into the wrong class, for example). So reserve wins can be important. The Reserve will only replace the Winner's position, if the disqualified Winner went on to win higher places, those are not awarded to the Reserve (but they are still removed from the disqualified dog). Reserve to a Winner is chosen from the dogs remaining from that Winners competition, plus the dog that received second place in the class the Winners Dog or Bitch came from. Special dogs are dogs with their CH; they do not normally compete in the classes. They compete directly for BOB/BOS along with the WD and WB. While they are not awarded points if they win, many breed clubs award national ratings to dogs based on the total number of dogs of the same breed that the dog has won over for a calendar year. Each club calculates this slightly differently. Sometimes they are entered in classes just to bring the show up to a major. Best of Winners picks up the greater of the points that WD/WB has. Best of Breed (BOB) calculates its points based on the points available from adding all the dogs in the classes with all the specials, or all the bitches in the classes with all the specials, whichever gives you the greater number of points. Best of Opposite Sex (BOS) calculates its points based on the number of dogs or bitches in the classes, plus all the specials that are the same sex as BOS, whichever combination gives you the greater number of points. Thus, a 1 or 2 point show can turn into a major depending on how high your dog goes. Dogs that go on to win Best In Show will get as many points as any dog they defeat, if those points total more than what they have garnered so far (but never for more than a total of five points). But the only dogs that are actually awarded points are the dogs that were initially Winners Dog or Winners Bitch for their breed. Therefore, specials or veterans do not get points no matter how many dogs they won over, which makes sense as they are already Champions and do not need the points. The number of points obtained at a particular show is dependent on the number of dogs or bitches present, the breed, and the geographical location of the show. There is a point schedule that determines the ranges: rarer breeds require fewer dogs for points whereas popular breeds must have more dogs present for the same points. Sound hard? It is! The next new show and the next new judge may pick the second place dog over the first place dog under the same conditions that the other dog won under. Different judges have different preferences in conformation, It's usually better to try and show under a judge that likes what your dog has to offer in strong points. Other judges may see something else in other dogs that they prefer over what your dog has. A year later or the next show, that same judge may like your dog better. It depends on how the dog is "showing" each day. Dogs have good and bad days like people do. A short chart: Best of Breed (points toward CH from greater points | from either sex of class dogs including | all specials, if also WD/WB) | Best of Opposite Sex (points toward CH from greater points | from either sex of class dogs plus | specials of same sex, if also WD/WB) | (WD/WB, Specials and Veterans compete for BOB/BOS) | Best of Winners (points toward CH taken from WD/WB, / \ whichever had more points) / \ Winner's dog Winner's bitch (points towards CH from / \ same sex group) / \ (first in each class advances to Winner's competition) Open class Open class American Bred American Bred Bred by Exhibitor Bred by Exhibitor Novice Novice Dogs (12-18 mo.) Bitches (12-18 mo.) (new) Puppy dogs (9-12 mo.) Puppy bitches (9-12 mo.) (split in puppy Puppy dogs (6-9 mo.) Puppy bitches (6-9 mo.) classes optional) 1. Standards "How do you develop an eye for the 'perfect dog' in your breed?" Books are actually a good way, especially one with lots of color photos. Going to specialty shows is another a good way (specialties usually have 50+ dogs of your breed there or at least enough for a major). Talking to breeders and looking at what they point out on dogs is yet another way. Mostly, you just "have an eye" or you don't. If you don't, find a good breeder to help you at first. Make some friends or pick a breeder you get along with and become "a little lost puppy" and follow them. Don't talk much, listen a lot more than you talk, and be respectful of them. They are really more likely to want to help you if you do flatter them just a little, but be honest about what you do and don't like. You can always learn something, and you never stop learning! (Be sure to stay out of the way when they or their dog is about to go in the ring.) 2. Estimated costs If you use a handler, a CH on your dog will easily cost you about $5000. If you handle the dog yourself and only go to local shows, it's more like $2000. However, you may need to travel some to get to the bigger or specialty shows in order to get the majors or different judges, depending on how popular your breed is and the show circuit in your area. It's the fun you have with your dogs doing all these things that is the real reward. 3. Finding out where shows are If you subscribe to the _AKC Gazette_, you also get a monthly Events Calendar that lists dates, places, superintendants, judges, etc. for all the AKC events (including Regional and National Specialties), including obedience, field, and herding trials. Each issue covers the next three months for the US. This magazine is available by subscription only. Subscription Information - (212) 696-8226. _Dog World Magazine_ also lists both AKC and SKC events. Subscription Information - P.O. Box 6500, Chicago, IL 60680. Breed specific shows (specialties) are also advertised in breed-specific magazines; if the breed club is affiliated with the AKC, it will be listed in the Gazette. C. Obedience. Novice: There is Novice A and Novice B; the former for people who have not put a Companion Dog (CD) on a dog before, the latter for people who have. To get a CD, a dog must qualify in three different Novice shows under three different judges; qualification is at least 170 out of 200 points and at least half the points on every exercise. Open: Open A and Open B are for dogs that have obtained their CD's. Open A is for dogs that do not have a CDX, and handlers that have not earned an OTCH on a dog. Otherwise, they're in Open B. Open B is an OTCH competition class; dogs with CDX's, UD's, or OTCH's may compete. Similar to Novice, three qualifying scores (at least 170/200) under three different judges gets the Companion Dog Excellent (CDX). Utility: Utility A and B are for dogs that have obtained their CDX's. Utility A is for dogs that have not obtained a UD, and handlers that have not earned an OTCH on a dog. Otherwise, they're in Utility B. Utility B is the other OTCH competition class; dogs with UD's or OTCH's appear there. Similar to Novice, three qualifying scores under three different judges gets the Utility Dog title (UD). Note that Novice, Open, and Utility are not competitive in the sense that any of the entered dogs may earn legs. However, it is competitive in the sense that the top three or four scores will get ribbons/prizes. OTCH: Obedience Trial Champion. A competitive title earned after the UD. Championship points are awarded to those dogs earning a First or Second place ribbon in the Open B or Utility/Utility B class according to the schedule established by the AKC. For the OTCH, the dog must have 100 points, have won First place in Utility/Utility B with at least three other dogs in competition, have won First in Open B with at least six dogs in competition, another First place in Open B/Utility/Utility B under the same conditions. Each of the First places must be won from different judges. 1. Novice exercises * Heeling on leash; this involves starts and stops, left and right turns, and fast and slow walking. The dog is supposed to stay with you at all times (head or shoulder next to your leg). Figure 8 on leash; there are two stops, dog has to stay with you with no forging (going ahead) or lagging (falling behind). 40 points. * Off-leash Stand for examination: your dog has to stand still while the judge examines the head, neck and back, approximately. You are standing at least 6 ft away. 30 points. * Repeat of first heeling exercise (not figure 8 part) but without leash. 40 points. * Recall and finish: Dog sits about 30 ft. away. You call dog and it comes briskly to you and sits. On command it then goes around into a heel pattern sit. 30 points. * Group exercise. About 10-12 dogs together go in and line up on one end. Handlers sit their dogs and go to the opposite side. This is the long sit, lasting for 1 minute. Then handlers down their dogs and do the same for 3 minutes. Long sit is 30 points, long down is 30 points. 2. Open exercises * Heel Free and Figure Eight. Like Novice, except no lead. 40 points. * Drop on Recall. Like Novice recall, except you signal or command your dog to down when the judge tells you to. The dog must stay in the down until you tell it to come again. 30 points. * Retrieve on Flat. You tell the dog to stay, and throw your dumbbell at least 20 feet away. You then send your dog; it must go directly to the dumbbell, bring it back, and sit in front of you to deliver it. You take the dumbbell and then do a finish. 20 points. * Retrieve over High Jump. Like the Retrieve on Flat, except the dog has to jump the high jump on the way out and on the way back. 30 points. * Broad Jump. You put your dog in a stay at least eight feet behind the jump. You then walk to the side of the jump, face the jump, and send your dog over it. While it's in the air, you turn 90 degrees so your dog can come to a sit in front of you. Then you do a finish. 20 points. * Group exercise. Same as Novice, except handlers are out of sight for the stays, and the sit and down stay are three minutes and five minutes long, respectively. 30 points each. 3. Utility exercises * Signal Exercise. You do an off-lead heeling pattern, with signals only (no voice). In addition, on the judges command, you signal your dog to stand and stay, and then from across the ring you signal your dog to down, sit, come, and then finish. 40 points. * Scent Discrimination. You have two sets of five identical articles, one set of leather and one of metal. You out pick one of each; the rest are set out in a group, at random, about six inches from each other. You and your dog turn your backs on the pile, and you scent one of the articles and give it to the judge, who puts it out with the rest. You turn and send your dog to the pile, who has to pick out the one you scented and retrieve it as in the Retrieve on Flat. You then repeat the exercise with the other article. 30 points. * Directed Retrieve. You have three (mostly) white cotton work gloves. You stand with your back turned to a side of the ring that is clear of equipment, with your dog in heel position. The gloves are placed one in each corner and one in the center along that side of the ring. The gloves are numbered one, two, three from left to right as you face them. The judge tells you which glove to get, and you and your dog pivot in place to (hopefully) face that glove. You then give a verbal command and signal to your dog to retrieve the glove, as in Retrieve on Flat. 30 points. * Moving Stand and Examination. You heel your dog about ten feet, and then command the dog to stand-stay without stopping. You continue about ten feet and then turn to face your dog. The judge examines the dog with his hands as in breed judging (note this is more thorough than Novice) except he does not examine the dog's teeth or testicles. You then call your dog directly to heel position. 30 points. * Directed jumping. There are two jumps midway across the ring, about 20 feet apart. One is a high jump, as in Open, and one is a bar jump. You are about 20 feet away from the jumps, on the center line of the ring. You send your dog down the center line of the ring (between the jumps). When the dog is about 20 feet past the jumps, you tell it to sit. Then you command and/or signal the dog to take one of the jumps (the judge tells you which). The dog must jump the jump, come to you, and sit in front. (While it is in midair you turn towards it.) Then you do a finish. You then repeat the exercise with the other jump. 40 points. 4. Other obedience trials There are brace classes, for a pair of dogs, that perform exercises out of novice. There are also veteran classes, for dogs at least eight years old with an obedience title, doing exercises out of novice. A versatility class, that takes two exercises each from the novice, open, and utility trials, also exists. Finally, there is a team class, for a set of four dogs, using exercises from novice. There are often fun matches which are set up just like the regular trials, but they don't count the score towards the title, and you may correct in the ring. Many people use matches as a way to acclimatize their dog to the ring. There are also some non-scoring categories like Pre-Novice, again to help dogs acclimatize to the atmosphere. D. Field and Hunting. The difference between field trials and hunting tests is that field trials compete dogs against one another in their marking, finding, and retrieving ability, whereas the hunting trials are not inter-dog competitive (similar to CD, CDX, and UD's from obedience). Hunting tests (JH, SH, and MH) depend on the dog scoring at least 7's on a set of criteria. Field trial tests will award the points to the "best" mark, search and retrieve. Thus, hunting tests tend to more closely approximate actual hunting conditions, whereas field trial tests tend toward extremely distant marks, and straight line retrieves where speed is paramount. Field trial tests award points toward a championship, hunting tests do not. There are hunting tests for retrieving breeds, pointing breeds, and spaniels. 1. Summary of AKC Hunting Tests for Pointing Breeds (1 June 1992). My thanks to Charlie Sorsby for the information in this section. (from the AKC pamphlet) "The purpose of the AKC Hunting Tests is comparison of bird dogs against a standard, not competition against each other. A dog must be AKC registered in order to receive any AKC Hunting Test title. In the following, "Hunting Test" means an AKC licensed or member club hunting test. In order to be awarded the Junior Hunter title, a dog must have received Qualifying scores in four (4) Junior Hunting Tests. To be recorded as a Senior Hunter, a dog must either qualify in five (5) Senior Hunting Tests or must have earned a Junior Hunter title and qualify in four (4) Senior Hunting Tests. To be recorded as a Master Hunter, a dog must either qualify in six (6) Master Hunting Tests or must have earned a Junior Hunter title and qualify in five (5) Master Hunting Tests. Dogs that have received a Qualifying score in a Hunting Test at any level are ineligible to enter any Hunting Test at a lower level." Dogs taking the Junior Hunting Test must demonstrate a keen desire to hunt, show ability to find and point birds, be trainable. They cannot be gun-shy. They may be restrained to prevent interference with another dog. Dogs taking the Senior Hunting Test must do the same things demanded of a junior hunting dog, but with definite improvement. They must also hold their point until the bird has been shot or they are released. They must retrieve a shot bird but need not deliver to hand. They must initially honor another dog's point. And those dogs taking the Master Hunting Test must do the same things as Senior hunter, but show more experience. In addition must also show intensity and staunchness of the point, without breaking. Must deliver to hand. They must demonstrate absolute honoring throughout the entire flush, shot and retrieve. Qualifying on a particular hunting test is referred to as "getting a wing" toward the title. 2. AKC Hunting Tests (for retrievers) 2.1. JH: Junior hunter. * 2 single marks on water. * 2 single marks on land. (ie. Dog sees 1 bird thrown. Dog waits until handler tells dog to go and pick it up. Dog brings it back to the handler and delivers the bird to hand. Repeat 4 times.) Distances should never be more than 100 yards. 2.2. SH: Senior hunter. * 1 double mark on land, 1 double mark on water (dog watches 2 birds thrown at the same time (actually one after the other) then retrieves them both). * 1 walk-up (the handler & dog are walking when a bird comes out). * 1 honor (the dog has to watch another dog pick up a bird). * 1 land blind, 1 water blind. (the dog never sees the bird, has to rely on the handler for directions to the bird). * 1 diversion (a bird is thrown while the dog is on the way back with another bird). 2.3. MH: Master hunter. * Multiple marks on land, multiple marks on water. * 1 walk-up * At least 1 mark where the dog goes from land, to water, to land (called a combination) * 1 land blind * 1 water blind * 1 double blind (usually run with one of the above blinds) * 1 honor * 1 walk-up * 1 diversion Usually, the a master test is done over fairly tough conditions (ie. gut sucking mud, waist high grass, etc.) 3. Field Trial Championships 1. Retrievers The dog must win a National Championship stake or a total of 10 points. The points must be won in one of three stakes: Open All-Age, Limited All-Age, or Special All-Age stake. There must be at least 12 starters. Dogs get 5 points for first place, 3 points for second place, 1 point for third place, and .5 point for fourth place. At least five of the points must come from a trial open to all retrievers (not a specialty trial) and the dog has to win a first place.